So how about a quality custom bicycle wheel build made the way you. Bmw motorcycle wheelbuilding, wheel, lacing, spokeing. You may also read a scientific explanation of how spoke tension relates to musical pitch. It works on nearly any bicycle spoke, no matter what the diameter, material, or shape. I use this spreadsheet in the last step of a wheel build. It is much easier to learn this with new, undamaged parts than to start right in trying to repair damaged wheels. In the old days, 36 spoke wheels were overbuilt so spoke tension and overall build quality was more tolerant of a builders ability.
The components of a wire wheel are the rim, spokes, nipples, and hub. Apr 26, 2015 the low tension side of the wheel shows a more significant tension drop of 170 n with the tubeless tyre with or without an inner tube and n with a clincher. Once tension is set right, it probably will not need regular attention. Spoke tension calculator i use this spreadsheet in the last step of a wheel build. This type of wheel requires unusually high spoke tension, since the load is. It takes a good chunk longer to build a wheel with these spokes. We arrived at this formula by meticulously tightening every spoke on the wheel the same number of turns, time after time.
Now the wheels taking shape, we can begin to keep an eye on spoke tension. The art of wheel building is to set the spoke tension as close as possible to the given maximum while keeping the deviation of the tensions between them as low as possible. The defaults are limits suggestion in the book the art of wheelbuilding by gerd schraner. The rounder the wheel the more equal the spoke tension and the more equal the spoke tension the less likely the wheel will come out of true.
The wheelwright must ensure that the wheel is true in two ways. What tolerances should i use for spoke tension when. Before using this book and for the correct crossing of spokes for both hub flanges of each individual wheel, please refer to the latest spoke length chart. It provides us chance to focus on something that should be simple, something that bends to our will, so to speak. In this regard, spoke services online spoke tension utility has become invaluable to many wheel builders, providing a quick and easy way to record, present and archive spoke tension measurements. Therefore the goal in a wheel build is to prevent a spoke from loosening, in particular the nondrive spokes of the rear wheel. Well, bike wheels even with steel spokes use tension to support the wheel. A wheel with spokes that are within plus or minus 20% of the wheels average spoke tension is generally considered to have acceptable relative tension. There are a few companies making wheels with spokes that are used in both compression and tension. The first section provides a table which converts tm1 readings to kgf values for a selected spoke, including nonstandard steel sizes not listed in the tm1 tension meter conversion table. With all your experience from building wired wheels. Wheel building, a closer look at spoke tension from.
The most fun ive had building wheels has been taking an old shimano xt hub set and recycling them from a no longer used 26 inch mountain bike and repurposed them with some nice h plus son archetype rims for use on a surly cross check cyclocross frameset its a lovely ride made better with the knowledge that i designed the wheel set. When building a rear, you essentially work on the drive side and then the non drive side reaches an optimal tension after you dish the wheel. When we tension all the spokes of a wheel, massive compressive forces are placed on the rim by the spokes, which is what gives the wheel its great strength and stability. A wheel with spokes that are within plus or minus 20% of the wheels average spoke tension is generally considered to. Massive aisles with towering shelving house deep inventory for. Spoke tension measurements showed that this wheel was overtensioned and in need of work to even it out left panel. The wheel builder equal spoke tension is king road. The loadcarrying capacity of the wheel is strictly limited by the tension of the leasttensioned spoke in this way, because the stability of the wheel may be lost when a spoke goes fully slack, as the rim is then left on its own to bear whatever residual a quantity of the applied force having been consumed by slacking the spoke s static. So ive been truing my dh wheels blindly for a little while and i think im starting to get a good. Building stable wheels most homebuilt wheel problems are caused by uneven spoke tensioning, and the culprit is usually adding tension too early in the build process. The wheel rim may appear to move in and out toward the center. The bmw system is much stronger, and will keep adjustment much longer than other bikes that use bent spokes, but, you must pay attention to proper wheel orientation when building the wheel or you will get a wheel that is built backwards.
Perfect for building or truing wheels, diagnosing wheel problems, or assembling new bikesworks on nearly any bicycle spoke no matter what the diameter, material, or. Remember that each spoke pulls against two sets of opposing spokesthose on the opposite side of the wheel northsouth, and those on the opposite side of the rim leftright. Hand built custom bicycle wheel build the cycling blog cyclo. The shallower crosssection improves impact resistance, which ibis claims makes the wheel better able to distribute loads from localized impacts. That is one reason high initial spoke tension is important. First, the key to wheel longevity is proper spoke tension. May 06, 2017 shows how to adjust offroad motor cycle wheel spoke tension using a torque wrench. Shows how to adjust offroad motor cycle wheel spoke tension using a torque wrench. As long as a spoke has some tension the wheel will be as stiff as if it were in high tension. This ensures the spokes are equidistant before the final tensioning which should be 14 turn for every spoke on one side, then every spoke on the other. One very well know top shelf carbon wheel company had one person and one. While building the wheel, we were impressed at how similar to. This all leads to the question of how important is even spoke tension. Spoke tension change in tubeless road wheel build pacenti.
Wire wheels, wirespoked wheels, tension spoked wheels, or suspension wheels are wheels whose rims connect to their hubs by wire spokes. The loadcarrying capacity of the wheel is strictly limited by the tension of the leasttensioned spoke in this way, because the stability of the wheel may be lost when a spoke goes fully slack, as the rim is then left on its own to bear whatever residual a quantity of the applied force having been consumed by slacking the spokes static. This does not include calculating spoke length which varies from 2. By using a wheel jig that measures the rims deviation from round and true, the wheelbuilder is able to adjust the tension on each spoke until essentially all deviation disappears. Wheel building philosophy and other info nox composites. Wheel building, a closer look at spoke tension from bikeraceinfo. Although these wires are generally stiffer than a typical wire rope, they function mechanically the same as tensioned flexible wires, keeping the rim true while supporting applied loads. The black circle shows the tensions of the spokes of the. The tm1 can be used to accurately and reliably measure the tension of each spoke in a wheel. Advanced bicycle wheel mechanics part 3, spoke tension. If you are only performing a tuneup on your wheels, rather than building them, you should be removing all existing tension by loosening the nipples on your spokes. Wheelbuilding nipple length cyclechat cycling forum.
How to build lace repair an electric bike wheel containing a hub motor. There are of course many tools that can help you make better wheels. The more you learn about wheel building, the more you learn that building a good wheel is a difficult series of compromises between the rim, the number of spokes, the type of spokes, the spoke lacing cross pattern, the spoke orientation and the spoke tension. Note that the nipples have allen heads at their ends, accessible only with the tire and tube removed, but some will have slots for conventional screwdrivers instead. If you have been riding the wheel then it will probably creek when the spokes are tightened. I am looking to build a new rear rim with new spokes as the original wheel was a 15 and was not correct for the bike i have read elsewhere on the rebuild of the rims but the spokes that cam out of the original rims were the same length and angle with the same neck length.
After youve laced up the wheel, true it by loosening spokes. Get a cup of good coffee, sit yourself in front of a truing stand, and meditate on making a perfect wheel. Bicycle repair bike cycle wheelbuilding tips by jim langley. Spokes come in a variety of lengths to suit the vast range of wheel sizes on the market, from 20 bmx wheels right up to 29 mtb hoops. These lateral forces need to be balanced and stay balanced for a wheel to remain true. Then insert these spokes in the holes in the rim, and, counting from spokes b or c fig. You will then be listening to the sound of two spokes at once. An elegant trick to build a stronger rear wheel is to use thicker spokes on the right side than on the left side. Wheelbuilding is the process of assembling wire wheels generally a bicycle wheel, but including wheelchairs, and some cars. Choose a unique spot on the rim, such as the valve stem hole, and decide on a direction to rotate the wheel.
Wheel fanatyks spoke tension meter is based on a design originally conceived by jobst brandt in the 70s. When you build a wheel and tighten the spokes, they pull the rim to the left or right depending on which flange of the hub they come from. It converts spoke tension measurements from a park spoke tension meter into kilograms force kgf and checks for tensions that are outside specified limits in absolute tension and variance in tension between spokes. Spoke tension visualizer spokeservice canadas bicycle. While spoke tension normally does not have a significant effect on wheel stiffness see question number 1 above, this is only the case as long as no spokes become slack. Most of the disc rims are offset, which helps to achieve a more even spoke tension and therefore a. The difference in behaviour between the two tyres is very small, 40 n on the low tension side, which is something that can easily be addressed by overtensioning by roughly 78%. Adding the 3mm spokebed asymmetry of the rim the spoke tension ratio of the front wheel will be 93% and for the rear. The nipples are gradually tightened in a stepwise manner to slowly and evenly increase spoke tension in the wheel. Fortunately, another thing proper spoke tension promotes is stable spoke tension. A search of wholesale catalogs still shows typical bike shops only have access to 28,32, and 36 spoke hubs and rims with few and expensive exceptions. Wire wheels, wirespoked wheels, tensionspoked wheels, or suspension wheels are wheels whose rims connect to their hubs by wire spokes. Nov 25, 20 more advanced wheel truers or builders may want to use a dishing tool or spoke tensionmeter.
The paired spoke design is all about the lateral forces from spoke tension. By lazarustaxa in forum vsalon probicycle tech replies. Spoke tension for the amature and pro wheel builders. At the heart of the instrument is a springloaded hammer for creating spoke deflection. Notice how the holes point only partway toward the spokes target on the rim. Proper tension promotes longer spoke life, longlasting true, and longer rim life. Building, lacing and truing adjusting spoke tension so the wheel runs perfectly straight wheels is an art in itself that demands experience, time and patience something best left to the professionals if you are not confident. Building to maximize stiffness do carbon wheels lack vertical compliance.
We offer a wide range of offtheshelf handbuilt wheels. Truing stands, spoke wrenches, dishing tools, and a tm1 spoke tension. The single most important thing about tensioning a wheel is to get it as round as possible. Spoke tensiometers were nonexistant and unnecessary.
Once the wheel was retensioned, there was much less variation. The wheel builder equal spoke tension is king road bike. Spoke tension is way off but wheel is true, how do i fix. Spoke tension change in tubeless road wheel build pacenti sl23.
Often an amateurbuilt wheel not meant in an insulting way will go through a settlingin process where tire inflation and the first couple of rides will cause the spoke tension to drop quite significantly as the spokes go from being an s shape leaving the hub, under the crossed. Which at the time most manufacturers did not offer as an off the shelf. A look at the tools pro wheel builders use cyclingtips. Check spoke tension on a wheel which is reasonably true. In this example daniel used a highend wheel truing stand. Basically you need to bring the wheel up to final tension, do some stress relief.
Asymmetrical rims are gaining popularity, as it usually allows for equal spoke lengths on either side of the hub, which in turn provides more equal spoke tension throughout the entire wheel. They are designed to be bought off the shelf or paired with a manufacturers bike. The term suspension wheel should not be confused with vehicle suspension. That is pretty good and should ease the wheel build. The wheel tension app is a webbased tool for use with the park tool tm1 spoke tension meter. The correct spoke for your wheel will largely depend on two things sizing and intended riding type. Wheelbuilding spoke tension and tensiometers wheelpro. The tm1 will also measure the average tension of all the spokes in a wheel, and the relative tension between all the spokes in the wheel. Call the first spoke you come to number one, the next number two, etc. My favorite is by plucking a spoke and listening to its tone, and attempting to get all the spokes on the same side of the wheel to the same tone and therefore the same tension. The tension meter accurately and reliably measures the absolute tension of each of the spokes in a wheel, as well as the relative tension between all the spokes in a wheel. However there is not a standard range of sizes, as the dimensions of the hub and rim also come into play the length of spoke required is not.
Building wheels from scratch is the best way to learn the craft of wheel truing, to get the feel for how a wheel responds to spoke adjustments. Clear wheelbuilding oil zspokes, all you need to know hands free downloads tension calibration news fix for spoke threads digital height gauge. Put in a new spoke, and pull it up to the average tension, then fine tune the wheel. In many cases, corrections can be made not only by tightening spokes according to the steps outlined above, but also by loosening the opposing spokes.
How to respoke a wheel relace, rebuild britbike forum. A tutorial on how to choose parts for, build and true a spoked bicycle wheel. If the tension of two laced spokes is very different, you will hear a dull thud. Wheel is adequately true if it wobbles less then 116 1. Apr 21, 2016 the only potential downside is reliability as each spoke is under more tension with only 24 to share the load instead of 32 so, for racers who can take the time to tune everything between events, a 24hole 2cross wheel might be a good move, but for commuters or riders who really run their bikes through the ringer, the durability of the 32. Spoke tension for the amature and pro wheel builders common tensions for a symmetrical wheel one without dish is 100kg or nm if you prefer. On a radiallyspoked wheel or one whose spokes are not laced, you can pluck one spoke at a time. You will be listening to the sound of two spokes at once.
The nondrive side of a rear wheel will always have the lowest tension of any spokes on a bike. Most commonly spokes on mountain bike wheels are made of steel. Spoke tension is way off but wheel is true, how do i fix this. Gradually, with mistakes and corrections, you get spokes into holes and spoke nipples and washers started on the spoke threads. Dont compare spoke tones on opposite sides of the wheel, though, because different spoke lengths and tensions are needed for correct wheel dishing to. As you build the wheel a loose wheel feels loose as the spokes squish together when squeezed and the spoke wrench turns easily, then after a little more tightening and stress relieving the spokes firm up and become taught, then you try for a little more tension and you reach the stage when its noticeably harder to turn the spoke wrench and the. Each experienced builder prefers a particular spoke thread treatment. The nondrive side of a rear wheel will always have the lowest tension of any. A detailed discussion on cycle wheelbuilding spoke tension and the tensiometers from dtswiss, park tools and the jobst brandt design. The rounder the wheel the more equal the spoke tension and the more equal the spoke. These unassuming, flexible fabric berd bicycle wheel spokes are half.
In my last column i talked about the benefits of equalized spoke tensions. The low tension side of the wheel shows a more significant tension drop of 170 n with the tubeless tyre with or without an inner tube and n with a clincher. The second section is a wheel tension balancing app, which helps the user achieve consistent overall wheel. Illustration 1 shows the spoke tensions of a rear wheel with 28 spokes. The people, machines and custom tools behind treks wheels. Dt swiss world blog why is the proper spoke tension so. For the front, i was initially unclear if i still needed to work on one side first in a similar fashion. Ive been building wheels for many years and writing about the process for a few of those, and the same question pops up occasionally. In fact, a bicycle wheel is one of the worlds strongest structures relative to the weight of its parts.
Meanwhile, a standard offtheshelf bike spoke weighs a comparatively mammoth 7 grams. When a tire is mounted roundness is impossible to see and therefore its easy to disregard it. Instructions for building radial spoked wheels are not included in this book. If working on an old bike make sure that none of the spoke nipples are seized before adjustment. A clever tool is an adapted screwdriver where the sides have been ground away to leave a central pip which is lifted by the spoke to disengage the driver blades. If working on an old bike make sure that none of the spoke nipples are. First are you sure your first tire inflation didnt act as a stress release and cause your tension to drop.
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